Features of rubber buffer

Rubber shock absorbers, as a crucial category of vibration-damping components, have been extensively applied in various machinery, automobiles, railway locomotives, watercraft, aircraft, and other aerospace vehicles. It can be said that wherever vibration damping and isolation are required, rubber shock absorbers are indispensable.
The widespread adoption of rubber shock absorbers stems from their effective utilization of rubber’s numerous properties:
1) Rubber possesses high elasticity and viscoelasticity;
2) Compared to steel, rubber exhibits significant elastic deformation and a low elastic modulus;
3) Rubber’s impact stiffness exceeds its dynamic stiffness, which in turn surpasses its static stiffness—a property that minimizes impact deformation and dynamic distortion;
4) Its stress-strain curve forms an elliptical hysteresis loop, whose area represents the vibrational energy (damping) converted into heat during each vibration cycle. This characteristic can be tailored through formulation design;
5) Rubber is an incompressible material (Poisson’s ratio of 0.5);
6) Rubber shapes can be freely selected, and hardness can be adjusted through formulation design to meet requirements for stiffness and strength in different directions.
Classification
Rubber vibration damping components can be designed in various types based on different application conditions. Currently, the most commonly used types include the following dozen or so.
1) JP-type rubber vibration isolator: Suitable for electronic instruments and meters, protecting the entire unit from vibration and shock.
2) JPZ-type triaxial equal stiffness isolator: Primarily used for aerospace and aviation instruments and meters.
3) JPZ-type compact aviation isolator: Used in various vibration isolation and shock protection devices for aerospace, aviation, and marine applications.
4) JG Shear Vibration Dampener: Used in fans, air compressors, refrigerators, water pumps, and precision instrumentation.
Rubber Vibration Dampener 5) Z-Type Rubber Isofrequency Vibration Dampener: Widely applied in various machinery, instruments, machine tools, and equipment.
6) 6JX Anti-Impact Vibration Dampener: Used in ships, vehicles, and other power machinery.
7) 6WN Internal Combustion Engine Shaft Mount: For internal combustion engine main shafts.
8) “31” Rubber Mount: For ship main engines and electronic scales.
9) SH Double-Plate Mount: For ship machinery and equipment.
wj Rubber Mount 10) JV Cylindrical Spring Mount: For various instruments and meters.
11) YU Cylindrical Shock Absorber: Used in ship main engines, auxiliary engines, and other equipment.
12) WJ Rubber Shock Absorber: Widely applicable, capable of withstanding loads in any direction.
13) YXN, XN Rubber Torsional Vibration Dampers: Used in automotive engine crankshaft systems.
Advantages
(1) Free shape determination; hardness controllable by adjusting rubber compound composition to meet stiffness and strength requirements in all directions;
(2) High internal friction provides excellent vibration damping, facilitating resonance avoidance and attenuation of high-frequency vibrations and noise;
(3) Significantly lower elastic modulus than metals, enabling substantial elastic deformation;
(4) No sliding components, facilitating maintenance;
(5) Lightweight design for easy installation and removal.
(6) Impact stiffness exceeds static and dynamic stiffness, promoting shock absorption.
Application Fields
1. Automotive rubber shock absorbers
2. Rubber vibration damping products for railway locomotives and rail sleeper pads
3. Bridge rubber vibration dampers
4. Construction engineering rubber vibration dampers